An S2 will be less than a Twin Cam and a Twin Cam will be Less that a Twin Cam Special. And I wouldn't recommend an S1 as your first Europa. Don't be swayed by low milage. Most Europas sat for years due to the unavailability of parts (in the pre-internet days) or lack of knowledge to repair even a small problem. None of that is a problem today. Support and first hand knowledge is amazing and only a post away. This site especially!! Nearly all parts are sourceable domestically. Finding cars that have been well-sorted out will save you a lot of money in the long run. Very often a well sorted Europa is not that more than one that needs a lot of TLC. There are some amazing deals that come up. If you are looking for a car that is less than perfect cosmetically but runs fairly decent, then I would say $10-14,000 for a nice S2, $12-17,000 for a decent Twin Cam, and $14-20,000 for a well sorted Special. Add 20-30% if the car is exceptional. Desirable colors can add to the price such as a Black JPS Twin Cam Special. And while Europas look great in any color, a yellow will be be worth more than a brown. Originality matters to a certain extent but it is not necessarily that reflective in pricing. And If you want hotter cams, better shocks and suspension, and headers, for many those are a plus. Most owners bought them to drive and that is what matters the most.